Effect of Outstanding Flanges on Stress Concentration in Box Beam

Background of the research: A conventional box-type structure is generally used in constructing core/shear wall, internal frame, and steel box girders. Tube-in-Tube with single multiple tubes reduces shear lag effect lateral deformation a tall tubular structure. Purpose: However, present study focuses on behavior modified form beam, i.e., beam outstanding flanges. Thus, this analyzes flanges compares (Stress concentration) beam. Methodologies: The minimum potential energy principle applied to analyze models validated finite element results. Principal results: transformation observed be reducing at web-flange junction deformations In addition, also controls stress reversal. modification demonstrated stiffer than as wall or frame. Major conclusions contributions field: This may an integral part buildings producing significantly lowered concentration deformation. applicable strengthening It possible extend bottom plate flange increase load-bearing capacity strengthen existing girder. Therefore, transformed can utilized economical alternative retrofitting girder bridge. convenient straightforward there no need stiffen any Additionally, remove elements from alter its dimensions. Add remaining by welding bolting it onto it. Limitation future different assumption function web when orthotropic membrane theory adapted frame tube